首先，需要做一个准备工作——下载jar包，这个包是用来支持数据库的连接的
官网的下载链接：MySQL :: Download Connector/J
点击链接进入页面：
选择画红框的下载按钮。
与此同时，打开IDEA开发工具，在当前项目目录下新建一个lib目录文件夹用来存放第三方jar包，这样做方便管理和引用。下载完之后将jar包放进lib文件夹中，像这样：
然后点击左上角的文件—>项目结构，找到这个页面并按顺序点击红框里的按钮：
点击+号开始导入，找到刚刚保存jar的那个文件夹选择jar，在前面打上对号然后点击导入 。
这样的话就可以愉快的连接数据库了~
编写过程：
第1步，加载数据库的驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");打出这一句后会报错，这时候按照软件提示来就可以，抛出或者用try...catch环绕
然后String一个数据库的表的地址：
String dburl="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8"这段文字的大致意思就是"jdbc:mysql://localhost:端口号/表名?是否使用SSL&字体设定=UTF-8"
再String数据库的账号和密码
String dbName = "root"; //数据库账号，默认是root
String dbPass = "******"; //数据库密码，输自己的然后调用Connection方法进行连接
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, dbName, dbPass);通过Connection对象获取Statement对象
statement = connection.createStatement();到了这一步就可以定义sql语句了
String sql = "select * from users";然后开始执行sql语句
statement.executeQuery(sql);到这儿就是连接成功了
连接成功之后就可以为所欲为了，具体各种方法的实现我想就是通过更改每个方法中的sql语句来实现的
下面开始介绍add——添加方法
public static void addStudent() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入学生id:");
int id = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入学生姓名:");
String name = scanner.next();
//打开链接--连接mysql
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
String sql = "INSERT INTO stu_info values("+id+",'"+name+"')";
//执行sql语句
statement.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("添加成功");
connection.close();
}del——删除方法
public static void delStudent() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("连接数据库中……");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除学生的id");
int delId = scanner.nextInt();
//打开链接
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
String sql = "delete from stu_info where id = " +delId+"";
statement.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("删除成功");
connection.close();
}showAll——展示所有学生信息
public static void showAll() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//打开链接
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
//定义sql语句
String sql = "SELECT * FROM xs.stu_info;";
//statement.executeUpdate(sql);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
System.out.println("ID:" + id);
System.out.println("名字:" + name);
System.out.println("==============");
}
}quary——根据输入id进行查询
public static void quary() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//打开链接
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要查询的ID");
int qid = scanner.nextInt();
//定义sql语句
String sql = "SELECT * FROM xs.stu_info where id =" + qid +"";
//statement.executeUpdate(sql);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
System.out.println("ID:" + id);
System.out.println("名字:" + name);
}modify——修改
public static void modify() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("连接数据库中……");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入修改前的学生id:");
int id1 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入修改后的学生id:");
int id2 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入修改后学生姓名:");
String name2 = scanner.next();
//打开链接--连接mysql
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
String sql = "UPDATE stu_info SET id = "+id2+",name = '"+name2+"' WHERE id = "+id1+";";
//执行sql语句
statement.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("修改成功");
connection.close();
}到这儿就算是大功告成了，如果想要添加更多的学生信息的话还可以在MySQL的表中添加，然后在Java的sql语句中进行具体的修改
然后再放上整体的一个代码吧
import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class jdbcPro2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
while (true) {
System.out.println("---欢迎使用学生管理系统---");
System.out.println("1-添加学生");
System.out.println("2-删除学生");
System.out.println("3-展示全部学生信息");
System.out.println("4-查询学生");
System.out.println("5-修改学生信息");
System.out.println("6-退出系统");
System.out.println("请输入指令:");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String cmd = scanner.nextLine();
switch (cmd) {
case "1":
addStudent();
break;
case "2":
delStudent();
break;
case "3":
showAll();
break;
case "4":
quary();
break;
case "5":
modify();
break;
case "6":
System.out.println("谢谢使用");
System.exit(0);
Connection connection = null;
Statement statement = null;
ResultSet set = null;
try {
//1.加载数据库驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2.通过DriverManager获取数据库连接
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
String dbName = "root"; //数据库账号
String dbPass = "1234"; //数据库密码
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, dbName, dbPass);
//3.通过Connection对象获取Statement对象
statement = connection.createStatement();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("错误提示:数据库驱动加载失败");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("错误提示:数据库操作失败");
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (set != null) {
try {
set.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (statement != null) {
try {
statement.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
}
public static void addStudent() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入学生id:");
int id = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入学生姓名:");
String name = scanner.next();
//打开链接--连接mysql
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
String sql = "INSERT INTO stu_info values("+id+",'"+name+"')";
//执行sql语句
statement.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("添加成功");
connection.close();
}
public static void delStudent() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("连接数据库中……");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除学生的id");
int delId = scanner.nextInt();
//打开链接
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
String sql = "delete from stu_info where id = " +delId+"";
statement.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("删除成功");
connection.close();
}
public static void showAll() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//打开链接
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
//定义sql语句
String sql = "SELECT * FROM xs.stu_info;";
//statement.executeUpdate(sql);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
System.out.println("ID:" + id);
System.out.println("名字:" + name);
System.out.println("==============");
}
}
public static void quary() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//打开链接
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要查询的ID");
int qid = scanner.nextInt();
//定义sql语句
String sql = "SELECT * FROM xs.stu_info where id =" + qid +"";
//statement.executeUpdate(sql);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
System.out.println("ID:" + id);
System.out.println("名字:" + name);
}
}
public static void modify() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
//数据库地址
String dburl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xs?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8";
//数据库的用户名和密码
String user = "root";
String password = "1234";
//注册jdbc驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("连接数据库中……");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入修改前的学生id:");
int id1 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入修改后的学生id:");
int id2 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入修改后学生姓名:");
String name2 = scanner.next();
//打开链接--连接mysql
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, user, password);
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
String sql = "UPDATE stu_info SET id = "+id2+",name = '"+name2+"' WHERE id = "+id1+";";
//执行sql语句
statement.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("修改成功");
connection.close();
}
}
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