分布式框架 开源框架_基础框架中开源的力量

分布式框架 开源框架

It’s Open Source Week at SitePoint! All week we’re publishing articles focused on everything Open Source, Free Software and Community, so keep checking the in for the latest updates.

这是SitePoint的开源周！ 我们整周都在发布有关开源，自由软件和社区的文章，因此请继续检查最新的更新。

CSS frameworks are among the most actively used tools in web design and development. If you’ve been involved in the industry, at some point you would have heard, seen or used a CSS framework or library before. What many developers do not realise is that these frameworks flourish thanks to the open source movement.

CSS框架是Web设计和开发中最常用的工具之一。 如果您涉足该行业，那么在某些时候您可能曾经听说，看到或使用过CSS框架或库。 许多开发人员没有意识到的是，由于开源运动，这些框架蓬勃发展。

Frameworks like Bootstrap and ZURB’s Foundation offer a platform for rapid prototyping, getting your site up and running by providing all of the common building blocks. Bootstrap and Foundation are just two popular examples, there are hundreds if not thousands of great frameworks out there that aim to make your job easier and speed up your development work.

Bootstrap和ZURB的Foundation之类的框架提供了一个用于快速原型制作的平台，并通过提供所有常见的构建基块来使您的网站正常运行。 Bootstrap和Foundation只是两个受欢迎的示例，那里有成百上千个(即使不是成千上万个)很棒的框架，旨在使您的工作更轻松并加快开发工作。

CSS frameworks are great representations of the ideals and motivations that make open source as a whole so great. Frameworks bring together designers, developers and enthusiasts to work on something for the collective benefit of everyone.

CSS框架很好地表示了使开源整体如此出色的理想和动机。 框架将设计师，开发人员和爱好者聚集在一起，共同为所有人的共同利益而努力。

开源框架可以为我们提供什么？ (What Can Open Source Frameworks Offer Us?)

One of the fundamental principles of the open source philosophy is the free exchange of ideas and information for the improvement of the community as a whole. CSS frameworks embody that spirit. From the developer’s perspective, frameworks and CSS / JS libraries let you build your projects from a solid starting point, leveraging the skills, experience and dedication of a community.

开源哲学的基本原则之一是自由交流思想和信息，以改善整个社区。 CSS框架体现了这种精神。 从开发人员的角度来看，框架和CSS / JS库使您可以利用社区的技能，经验和奉献精神从一个坚实的起点构建项目。

Whether you’re interested in joining a community to lend a helping hand or you’re a developer considering if open source methods are right for your project, there’s a great number of reasons why you should consider embracing open source and everything it can offer. You can find some of them listed below.

无论您是想加入一个社区来伸出援助之手，还是想考虑开源方法是否适合您的项目的开发人员，都有很多理由应考虑采用开源及其提供的所有功能。 您可以在下面找到其中的一些。

帮助塑造您感兴趣的社区 (Helping to Shape Communities You Are Interested In)

Arguably, one of the best reasons to participate in open source projects is that you get to have an active hand in shaping how the product evolves.

可以说，参与开源项目的最好原因之一是，您可以积极地塑造产品的发展方式。

Unlike closed source / proprietary projects, you as a developer get to take an active role in improving and guiding the project. You are not just a casual observer.

与封闭源代码/专有项目不同，您作为开发人员必须在改善和指导项目方面发挥积极作用。 您不只是一个随便的观察者。

The Foundation project on GitHub is a good example of this. The team has in GitHub their primary point of interaction and use it to track bugs, feature requests and general feedback. Developers can search through the Foundation framework and propose changes, outline bugs and generally make it better as a whole.

GitHub上的Foundation项目就是一个很好的例子。 团队在GitHub中拥有主要的交互点，并使用它来跟踪错误，功能请求和一般反馈。 开发人员可以搜索Foundation框架并提出更改，概述错误并总体上将其改进。

These projects usually have a developer or team of developers at its core who manage what commits they pull into their projects’ core. A vast majority of the time, the developers managing these projects (including Foundation) are happy for you to commit changes — so long as the proposed changes are useful and in accordance with the goals of the project. If that’s the case, they will be adopted. This is great because, if you’re using a framework or library and it doesn’t have critical feature X, you can provide the feature directly to the developers and they can pull it into the next version of their framework.

这些项目通常以一个开发人员或一组开发人员为核心，他们管理将什么提交到项目核心中的提交。 在大多数情况下，管理这些项目的开发人员(包括Foundation)都会很高兴您进行更改-只要建议的更改有用且符合项目目标即可。 如果是这样，它们将被采用。 很棒是因为，如果您使用的是框架或库，并且没有关键功能X，则可以直接向开发人员提供该功能，他们可以将其拉入其框架的下一个版本。

Your mileage may vary, but for a majority of the projects I’ve been involved in, bug requests, feature addons and feedback are greatly valued by the project owner as it shows their creation is actively being used and is of value to the community. It’s a great system that benefits both parties. It doesn’t matter how big or small your contribution is, every bit of effort goes towards making the project as a whole better for everyone.

您的工作量可能会有所不同，但是对于我参与的大多数项目而言，项目所有者都非常重视错误请求，功能附加项和反馈，因为这表明他们的创作正在得到积极使用并对社区具有价值。 这是一个使双方都受益的伟大系统。 无论您的贡献有多大或多小，每一个努力都将使整个项目对每个人都更好。

成为社区精神的一部分 (Becoming Part of the Community Spirit)

This might sound subjective, but there’s a definite difference in the vibe and emotion that you get from communities and activities that involve open source, it’s a feeling that you’re part of something bigger, working together to build something awesome.

这听起来可能是主观的，但是您从涉及开放源代码的社区和活动中获得的氛围和情感有一定的区别，这感觉是您属于更大的事物，并共同构建出了不起的事物。

While events like traditional conferences are all well and good, it is activities that involve the community, where you can have real and concrete input, that motivate us the most.

尽管像传统会议这样的事件都很好，但是涉及社区的活动才是我们最大的动力，在社区中您可以得到真实而具体的投入。

With its developer conferences and fun, interactive events, Mozilla is a great example of the community spirit in open source development. The same could be said about what you get from participating in a framework much like Foundation or Bootstrap. Working together on a CSS framework lets you connect with other people and bolsters your personal and interpersonal skills. You can work as a team collectively on larger issues or maybe just provide feedback and testing.

通过其开发者大会和有趣的互动事件，Mozilla是开源开发中社区精神的一个很好的例子。 对于参与基金会或Bootstrap之类的框架所获得的收益也可以这么说。 在CSS框架上一起工作可让您与其他人联系并增强您的个人和人际交往能力。 您可以在较大的问题上作为团队共同努力，或者只是提供反馈和测试。

完善您的开发技术 (Refining Your Development Techniques)

Another benefit of contributing to open source frameworks is that you can use that opportunity to refine your development skills. Even if you’re a seasoned developer, there’s always something you can learn by reading through other people’s code.

贡献于开源框架的另一个好处是您可以利用这个机会来完善您的开发技能。 即使您是一位经验丰富的开发人员，也总是可以通过阅读其他人的代码来学习一些东西。

Also, participating in a community gives you a chance to showcase your knowledge and understanding, somewhat like show and tell when you were at school. I know that when I contribute to open source frameworks, I’m always double and triple checking my code to ensure it’s the best I can produce. It’s this type of self assessment that is incredibly beneficial to you as a developer.

此外，参加社区活动还使您有机会展示自己的知识和理解，有点像在学校上课时展示和讲述。 我知道，当我为开源框架做贡献时，我总是一遍又一遍地检查我的代码，以确保它是我能产生的最好的代码。 这种类型的自我评估对您作为开发人员而言非常有益。

帮助他人(和自己) (Helping Others (and Yourself))

The great thing about joining in on open source endeavors is that you can help other developers in the community. Your contributions along with everyone else’s improves the project as a whole.

加入开源活动的最大好处是，您可以帮助社区中的其他开发人员。 您的贡献以及其他所有人的贡献将改善整个项目。

In the case of front-end frameworks, you can contribute as little or as much as you want to. Anything from bug reports, feature requests and even providing feedback are valued contributions.

在前端框架的情况下，您可以按照自己的意愿进行少或多的贡献。 错误报告，功能请求甚至提供反馈都将是您的宝贵贡献。

Again, Foundation is a good example of this. Its developers are active in improving and refining their CSS framework. They released several major versions over the last few years (now at version 6) and each time feedback from the community leads to a better product. If you’re new to Foundation, check out the articles listed below for more details on the latest release of the framework.

同样，Foundation就是一个很好的例子。 它的开发人员积极改善和完善他们CSS框架。 他们在过去的几年中发布了几个主要版本(现在是第6版)，并且每次社区的反馈都会带来更好的产品。 如果您不熟悉Foundation，请查看下面列出的文章，以获取有关该框架最新版本的更多详细信息。

• What’s New in Foundation 6?

  Foundation 6有什么新功能？

• Getting Started with Foundation 6’s CLI Tools

  Foundation 6的CLI工具入门

• Foundation 6: The New Menu Component

  基础6：新菜单组件

• Foundation 6: The New Flex Grid

  基础6：新的Flex网格

利用现有解决方案 (Leveraging Existing Solutions)

This is a no-brainer. Using an existing framework instead of building everything from scratch is faster. In fact, it takes your mind off the basics and lets you focus on the complexity of your job.

这是显而易见的。 使用现有框架而不是从头开始构建所有内容，速度更快。 实际上，它使您不必理会基本知识，而让您专注于工作的复杂性。

When thinking about building up from the strength of existing solutions, ZURB Foundation’s grid component comes to mind. You can use the Grid by applying a combination of rows, columns and settings to build both simple and complex layouts.

在考虑利用现有解决方案的力量进行构建时，想到了ZURB Foundation的网格组件。 您可以通过应用行，列和设置的组合来使用网格，以构建简单和复杂的布局。

The benefit here being that the Grid just works, you don’t need to worry about it breaking or figuring out the responsive logic yourself, you can leverage the collective experience of other developers to help boost your development.

这样做的好处是Grid可以正常工作，您不必担心它会自己破坏或弄清楚响应逻辑，您可以利用其他开发人员的集体经验来帮助促进您的开发。

开源，基金会背后的团队怎么看？ (Open Source, What Does the Team Behind Foundation Think?)

While it’s all good for me to sell you the wonders of open source and all it can offer you, what’s more useful is actually hearing from businesses that have embraced open source.

对于我来说，向您出售开放源代码的奇迹及其可以为您提供的一切都是很好的，而实际上，更有用的是听到已经接受开放源代码的企业的来信。

ZURB, the developers behind the CSS Foundation framework, open sourced the entirety of their project. I recently spoke with Kevin Ball, the Foundation lead developer to get their general feelings about open source and their business. Here are his responses:

ZURB是CSS Foundation框架的开发人员，将整个项目开源。 我最近与基金会首席开发人员Kevin Ball进行了交谈，以了解他们对开放源代码及其业务的总体看法。 这是他的回应：

使Foundation成为免费的开源项目的决策过程是什么？ (What was the decision process in making Foundation a free, open source project?)

ZURB has a mission of changing the way people design connected products and services, with a goal of reaching 50 million people. The first version of Foundation came out of the internal coded style guides we were creating for our design clients. Open sourcing it seemed obvious so that would reach our goals.

ZURB的使命是改变人们设计互联产品和服务的方式，目标是达到5000万人。 Foundation的第一个版本来自我们为设计客户创建的内部编码样式指南。 开源似乎很明显，因此可以实现我们的目标。

整个开源对你们整个企业有多重要？ (How central is open source as a whole to you guys as a business?)

We see open source as one of the most effective ways to facilitate user education and innovation.

我们认为开源是促进用户教育和创新的最有效方法之一。

In addition to educating people and helping them design better, open sourcing has a variety of other impacts also. For one thing, it’s a great way to meet new people. When users download and use some of our open source software, we love hearing their feedback, modifications they’ve made to the source code and any suggestions they might have.

除了教育人们并帮助他们更好地设计之外，开放源代码还具有多种其他影响。 一方面，这是结识新朋友的好方法。 当用户下载并使用我们的某些开源软件时，我们喜欢听到他们的反馈，对源代码的修改以及可能有的建议。

We recently evaluated some of our open source projects and noticed three big things:

我们最近对一些开源项目进行了评估，并注意到了三件事：

• There’s a huge demand for open source tools, and our hope is to help meet that demand in whatever ways we can, with our Playground pieces, Foundation and future creative experiments.

  对开源工具的需求巨大，我们的希望是通过我们的Playground作品，Foundation和未来的创意实验，尽我们所能帮助满足这一需求。

• The bar for quality is set very high in the open source community. Part of this is because, as soon as a product is released, there’s immediate feedback on what can be improved
  在开源社区中，质量标准设置得很高。 部分原因在于，一旦产品发布，就会立即收到有关可以改进的内容的反馈
• Maintaining open source software requires a huge amount of commitment, because there’s a degree of dedication that would be required for people to trust a new tool. We already pledged our commitment to making the web a better place by contributing nifty source codes that people can incorporate into their own designs. And it’s a commitment we intend to honor.”
  维护开源软件需要大量的投入，因为人们对新工具的信任需要一定的奉献精神。 我们已经承诺通过贡献漂亮的源代码，使人们可以将其纳入自己的设计中，使网络变得更加美好。 这是我们打算兑现的承诺。”

使Foundation开源成为一个整体改善了Foundation吗？ 您对Foundation的整体发展有何看法？ (Has making Foundation open source improved foundation as a whole? What are your thoughts on how Foundation has progressed overall?)

There’s an African proverb – “If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together”. There are definitely ways in which having the large community of people has created more overhead, or caused some things to move slower than they might otherwise, but Foundation has come far further in 5 years than it ever would have if we’d gone alone.

非洲有一句谚语：“如果你想快一点，那就一个人走。 如果你想走得更远，那就一起去。 绝对可以肯定，拥有庞大的人群会产生更多的开销，或者使某些事情进展得比他们原本可能的慢，但是Foundation在5年中的发展远远超过了我们独自一人的情况。

您对开源基金会或任何其他项目是否有任何问题或疑虑？ (Did you have any issues or concerns with open sourcing Foundation or any of your other projects?)

Given the way that we think about things, the question is always around how we can move the conversation and the design world forward. Obviously as a business, we need to make money, and we do have projects that we’ve kept proprietary, but from our perspective our business thrives when we are innovating and leading the conversation, and the vast majority of work that we do can do a better job of that as open source than not.

考虑到我们思考事物的方式，问题始终围绕着如何使对话和设计世界前进。 显然，作为一家企业，我们需要赚钱，而且我们确实拥有专有的项目，但是从我们的角度来看，当我们创新和领导对话时，我们的业务蒸蒸日上，而我们所做的大部分工作都可以做到开源比做开源要好得多。

社区参与基金会有多重要？ (How important is community involvement with Foundation?)

We’ve historically been relatively heavily involved, and over the last year or two have really evolved to be much more community driven. We have a great and involved core team of contributors outside of ZURB, and the last few releases have been roughly 80% community code.

从历史上看，我们的参与度相对较高，在过去的一两年中，我们的发展确实更加受社区驱动。 我们在ZURB之外拥有一支强大而参与进来​​的核心贡献者团队，最近的几个发行版本中大约有80％是社区代码。

We believe we have a lot to offer in terms of vision and direction, but given our mission, the stronger the community and involvement the more we’re aligned with truly changing the way people are designing connected products and services.

我们相信我们在愿景和方向方面可以提供很多东西，但是鉴于我们的使命，社区和参与度越强，我们就越能真正改变人们设计互联产品和服务的方式。

总结一下，关于开源的注意事项 (Wrapping It All Up, Considerations on Open Source)

As you can see, embracing open source, especially when it comes to CSS frameworks and libraries, can be extremely beneficial. ZURB has shown that when a business embraces open source ideals and makes them a key part of their business, they can leverage the collective power of the community for everyone’s benefit.

如您所见，拥抱开源，特别是涉及CSS框架和库时，将是非常有益的。 ZURB表明，当一家企业拥护开源理想并使之成为其业务的关键部分时，他们可以利用社区的集体力量为所有人谋福利。

翻译自: https://www.sitepoint/power-of-open-source-foundation-framework/

分布式框架 开源框架