1.功能:按条件查找元素

2.函数原型

  • find_if( iterator beg, iterator end, _pred)
  • 按值查找元素,找到的话返回指定位置的迭代器,找不到则返回结束迭代器位置
  • beg :开始迭代器
  • end :结束迭代器
  • _pred :函数或者谓词 (返回bool类型的仿函数)
    #include<iostream>
    #include<vector>
    #include<string>
    #include<algorithm>
    using namespace std;
    
    class GreaterFive
    {
    public:
    	bool operator()(int val)
    	{
    		return val > 5;
    	}
    };
    
    void test1()
    {
    	vector<int> v;
    	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    	{
    		v.push_back(i);
    	}
    
    	vector<int>::iterator pos = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
    	if (pos == v.end())
    	{
    		cout << "未找到!" << endl;
    	}
    	else
    	{
            //输出第一个大于5的数
    		cout << "找到>5的数字:" << *pos << endl;
            //输出全部大于5的数
    		while (pos!=v.end())
    		{
    			cout << *pos++ << " " << endl;
    		}
    	}
    }
    
    
    
    //查找自定义数据类型
    class person
    {
    public:
    	person(string name, int age)
    	{
    		this->myname = name;
    		this->myage = age;
    	}
    	string myname;
    	int myage;
    };
    
    class Greater20
    {
    public:
    	bool operator()(person& p)
    	{
    		return p.myage > 20;
    	}
    };
    void test2()
    {
    	vector<person> v;
    	person p1("aaa", 10);
    	person p2("aaa", 20);
    	person p3("aaa", 30);
    	person p4("aaa", 40);
    
    	v.push_back(p1);
    	v.push_back(p2);
    	v.push_back(p3);
    	v.push_back(p4);
    
    	//找年龄>20
    	vector<person>::iterator pos = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater20());
    	if (pos == v.end())
    		cout << "没有找到!" << endl;
    	else
    		cout << "找到姓名: " << pos->myname << "  年龄:" << pos->myage << endl;
    }
    int main()
    {
    	test1();
    	test2();
    	return 0;
    }

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find_if函数