1、python-docx库介绍

  • 该模块儿可以创建、修改Word(.docx)文件;

  • 此模块儿不属于python标准库,需要单独安装;

  • python-docx使用官网:python-docx官网

  • 我们在安装此模块儿使用的是pip install python-docx,但是在导入的时候是import docx;

2、Python读取Word文档内容

  • 注意:每进行一个操作,必须保存一下,否则等于白做;

1)word文档结构介绍

2)python-docx提取文字和文字块儿

① python-docx提取文字

有一个这样的docx文件,我们想要提取其中的文字,应该怎么做?

 

代码如下:

from docx import Document

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
print(doc.paragraphs)
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
    print(paragraph.text)

结果如下:

② python-docx提取文字块儿

from docx import Document

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
print(doc.paragraphs)
paragraph = doc.paragraphs[0]
runs = paragraph.runs
print(runs)
for run in paragraph.runs:
    print(run.text)
------------------------------
paragraph = doc.paragraphs[1]
runs = paragraph.runs
print(runs)
for run in paragraph.runs:
    print(run.text)

 结果如下:

3)利用Python向Word文档写入内容

① 添加段落

from docx import Document

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
# print(doc.add_heading("一级标题", level=1))   添加一级标题的时候出错,还没有解决!
paragraph1 = doc.add_paragraph("这是一个段落")
paragraph2 = doc.add_paragraph("这是第二个段落")
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx") 
"""
添加段落的时候,赋值给一个变量,方便我们后面进行格式调整;
"""

 结果如下:

 ② 添加文字块儿

from docx import Document

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
# 这里相当于输入了一个空格,后面等待着文字输入
paragraph3 = doc.add_paragraph()
paragraph3.add_run("我被加粗了文字块儿").bold = True
paragraph3.add_run(",我是普通文字块儿,")
paragraph3.add_run("我是斜体文字块儿").italic = True
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")

结果如下:

③ 添加一个分页

from docx import Document

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
doc.add_page_break()
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")

 结果如下:

④ 添加图片

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Cm

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
doc.add_picture(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\sun_wu_kong.png",width=Cm(5),height=Cm(5))
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx") 
"""
Cm模块,用于设定图片尺寸大小
"""

 结果如下:

 ⑤ 添加表格

from docx import Document

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")

list1 = [
    ["姓名","性别","家庭地址"],
    ["唐僧","男","湖北省"],
    ["孙悟空","男","北京市"],
    ["猪八戒","男","广东省"],
    ["沙和尚","男","湖南省"]
]
list2 = [
    ["姓名","性别","家庭地址"],
    ["貂蝉","女","河北省"],
    ["杨贵妃","女","贵州省"],
    ["西施","女","山东省"]
]

table1 = doc.add_table(rows=5,cols=3)
for row in range(5):
    cells = table1.rows[row].cells
    for col in range(3):
        cells[col].text = str(list1[row][col])
doc.add_paragraph("-----------------------------------------------------------")
table2 = doc.add_table(rows=4,cols=3)
for row in range(4):
    cells = table2.rows[row].cells
    for col in range(3):
        cells[col].text = str(list2[row][col])
        
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")

结果如下:

⑥ 提取word表格,并保存在excel中(很重要)

from docx import Document
from openpyxl import Workbook

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test2.docx")
t0 = doc.tables[0]

workbook = Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active

for i in range(len(t0.rows)):
    list1 = []
    for j in range(len(t0.columns)):
        list1.append(t0.cell(i,j).text)
    sheet.append(list1)
workbook.save(filename = r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\来自word中的表.xlsx")

 结果如下:

3、利用Python调整Word文档样式

1)修改文字字体样式

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Pt,RGBColor 
from docx.oxml.ns import qn

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test2.docx")
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
    for run in paragraph.runs:
        run.font.bold = True
        run.font.italic = True
        run.font.underline = True
        run.font.strike = True
        run.font.shadow = True
        run.font.size = Pt(18)
        run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(255,255,0)
        run.font.name = "宋体"
        # 设置像宋体这样的中文字体,必须添加下面2行代码
        r = run._element.rPr.rFonts
        r.set(qn("w:eastAsia"),"宋体")
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\_test1.docx")

 结果如下:

 

2)修改段落样式

① 对齐样式

from docx import Document 
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
print(doc.paragraphs[0].text)
doc.paragraphs[0].alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
# 这里设置的是居中对齐
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\对齐样式.docx")
"""
LEFT,CENTER,RIGHT,JUSTIFY,DISTRIBUTE,JUSTIFY_MED,JUSTIFY_HI,JUSTIFY_LOW,THAI_JUSTIFY
"""

结果如下: python学习资源汇总腾讯文档-在线PDFhttps://docs.qq/pdf/DR3dMaE1CSkZ6RlBZ

 ② 行间距调整

from docx import Document 
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH

doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
    paragraph.paragraph_format.line_spacing = 5.0
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\行间距.docx")

结果如下:

 

③ 段前与段后间距

  • 这里提供代码,自行下去检验

     

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