environment exit

ORACLE静默安装

的安装

1.1.安装准备

建立oracle用户

添加用户组及用户

groupadddba

groupaddoinstall

useraddoracle-goinstall-Gdba

passwdoracle#设置用户oracle的登录密码，根据提示输入两次密

码

1.1.2.在home目录新建Oracle目录权限

cd/home

mkdiroracle

1.1.3.赋执行权限

chown-Roracle:dba/home/oracle

chmod-R755/home/oracle

1.1.4.解压oracle的安装文件

unziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_-d/home/oracle/

unziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_-d/home/oracle/

1.1.5.设置环境变量关闭防火墙

vi/home/oracle/.bash_profile#在最后添加以下代码

exportORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app#oracle数据库安装目录

exportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

exportORACLE_SID=orcl#oracle启动数据库实例名

exportORACLE_TERM=xterm#xterm窗口模式安装

exportPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH#添加系统

环境变量

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

#添加系统环境变量

:wq!#保存退出

source/home/oracle/.bash_profile#使设置立刻生效

完成后执行：

$env|grepORA#查看环境变量是否完成

oracle@oracledb~]$env|grepORA

ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app

ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/db_1

#关闭防火墙

serviceiptablesstop

1.1.6.安装依赖包

yum-yinstallgccgcc-c++makebinutilscompat-libstdc++-33elfutils-libelfelfutils-libelf-devel

glibcglibc-commonglibc-devellibaiolibaio-devellibgcclibstdc++libstdc++-develunixODBC

unixODBC-devel

安装完成之后运行：

rpm-qbinutilscompat-libstdc++-33elfutils-libelfelfutils-libelf-develgccgcc-c++glibc

glibc-commonglibc-develglibc-headerskernel-headerskshlibaiolibaio-devellibgcclibgomp

libstdc++libstdc++-develmakenumactl-develsysstat

如遇到isnotinstalled请先yumsearchksh

再执行yuminstallksh.x86_64安装，

有两个文件，如：

先装i686，再x86_64

1.2.开始安装

1.2.1.文件配置

ORACLEZIP文件解压后得到database目录，其中包含response目录，该目录中

有三个rsp文件，用来作为静默安装时的应答文件的模板。

三个文件作用分别是：

db_：安装应答

：创建数据库应答

：建立监听、本地服务名等网络设置的应答

将db_备份一份，在其基础上修改内容,将createdatabase段中内容设置好即可。

修改静默安装的配置文件

grep-Ev"^$|^#"db_

sponseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

=INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=omain

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en

ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app

lEdition=EE

omInstall=false

Components=:11.2.0.1.0,:10.2.7.0

.0,:11.2.0.1.0,:11.2.0.1.0,k:11.2.0.1.0,

er:11.2.0.1.0,:11.2.0.1.0,s:11.2.0.1.0,

itioning:11.2.0.1.0,p:11.2.0.1.0,:11.2.0.1.0,:

11.2.0.1.0,:11.2.0.1.0,:11.2.0.1.0

_GROUP=dba

_GROUP=oinstall

R_NODES=

=GENERAL_PURPOSE

DBName=orcl

=orcl

terSet=AL32UTF8

Option=true

Limit=400

lExampleSchemas=false

SecuritySettings=true

=oracle

=

=

=

=

l=DB_CONTROL

ntrolServiceURL=

EmailNotification=false

ddress=

rver=

=false

=

=

eType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE

cation=

ryLocation=

oup=

PPassword=

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

1.2.2.开始安装

静默安装启动：

./runInstaller-silent-ignorePrereq-responseFile/home/oracle/database/response/db_

[oracle@oracledbdatabase]$./runInstaller-silent-ignorePrereq-responseFile

/home/oracle/database/response/db_

StartingOracleUniversalInstaller...

CheckingTempspace:165908MBPassed

Checkingswapspace:16383MBPassed

PreparingtolaunchOracleUniversalInstallerfrom

/tmp/OraInstall2015-01-29_wait...[oracle@oracledb

database]$[WARNING][INS-32055]TheCentralInventoryislocatedintheOraclebase.

CAUSE:TheCentralInventoryislocatedintheOraclebase.

ACTION:OraclerecommendsplacingthisCentralInventoryinalocationoutsidethe

Oraclebasedirectory.

[WARNING][INS-13014]Targetenvironmentdonotmeetsomeoptionalrequirements.

CAUSE:sfordetails.

/tmp/OraInstall2015-01-29_03-35-32PM/installActions2015-01-29_

ACTION:Identifythelistoffailedprerequisitechecksfromthelog:

/tmp/OraInstall2015-01-29_03-35-32PM/installActions2015-01-29_

eitherfromthelogfileorfrominstallationmanualfindtheappropriateconfigurationto

meettheprerequisitesandfixitmanually.

[WARNING][INS-32055]TheCentralInventoryislocatedintheOraclebase.

CAUSE:TheCentralInventoryislocatedintheOraclebase.

ACTION:OraclerecommendsplacingthisCentralInventoryinalocationoutsidethe

Oraclebasedirectory.

[WARNING][INS-13014]Targetenvironmentdonotmeetsomeoptionalrequirements.

CAUSE:sfordetails.

/tmp/OraInstall2015-01-29_03-35-32PM/installActions2015-01-29_

ACTION:Identifythelistoffailedprerequisitechecksfromthelog:

/tmp/OraInstall2015-01-29_03-35-32PM/installActions2015-01-29_

eitherfromthelogfileorfrominstallationmanualfindtheappropriateconfigurationto

meettheprerequisitesandfixitmanually.

Youcanfindthelogofthisinstallsessionat:

/opt/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-01-29_

Thefollowingconfigurationscriptsneedtobeexecutedasthe"root"user.

#!/bin/sh

#Rootscriptstorun

/opt/app/oracle/oraInventory/

/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/

Toexecutetheconfigurationscripts:

erminalwindow

s"root"

scripts

tothiswindowandhit"Enter"keytocontinue

SuccessfullySetupSoftware.

安装完毕后会提示上述的信息，按照要求执行上述脚本即可

1.2.3.配置监听程序

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca/silent/responseFile/opt/database/response/

[oracle@oracledbbin]$$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca/silent/responseFile

/opt/database/response/

Parsingcommandlinearguments:

Parameter"silent"=true

Parameter"responsefile"=/opt/database/response/

Doneparsingcommandlinearguments.

OracleNetServicesConfiguration:

Profileconfigurationcomplete.

Listener"LISTENER"alreadyexists.

tcodeis0

1.2.4.启动监听程序

/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctlstartLISTENER

1.2.5.静默建库

oracle@oracledb]$vi/home/oracle/database/response/

GDBNAME="omain"78行全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名

SID="orcl"//149行SID

CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8"//415行编码

NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8"//425行编码

[oracle@oracledbresponse]$$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca-silent-responseFile

/home/oracle/database/response/

EnterSYSuserpassword:

EnterSYSTEMuserpassword:

sh:/bin/ksh:Nosuchfileordirectory

sh:/bin/ksh:Nosuchfileordirectory

Copyingdatabasefiles

1%complete

3%complete

11%complete

18%complete

26%complete

37%complete

CreatingandstartingOracleinstance

40%complete

45%complete

50%complete

55%complete

56%complete

57%complete

60%complete

62%complete

CompletingDatabaseCreation

66%complete

70%complete

73%complete

74%complete

85%complete

96%complete

100%complete

Lookatthelogfile"/opt/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11g/"forfurtherdetails.

1.2.6.启动数据库

启动数据库

$sqlplus/assysdba//as前有个空格

[oracle@oracledb~]$sqlplus/assysdba

SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononMonFeb1614:26:572015

Copyright(c)1982,2009,htsreserved.

Connectedtoanidleinstance.

SQL>start

SP2-1506:START,@or@@commandhasnoarguments

SQL>startup

ORACLEinstancestarted.

TotalSystemGlobalArea3290345472bytes

FixedSize2217832bytes

VariableSize1795164312bytes

DatabaseBuffers1476395008bytes

RedoBuffers16568320bytes

Databasemounted.

Databaseopened.

SQL>

使用showparameter；或者selecttable_namefromdba_tables看看是否正常

数据库停止命令

SQL>shutdownimmediate

备注：

启动监听：lsnrctlstart

查看监听：lsnrctlstatus

停止监听：lsnrctlstop

启动监听时遇到Thelistenersupportsnoservices

可以在里面添加了下面内容解决

SID_LIST_LISTENER=

(SID_LIST=

(SID_DESC=

(GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)

(SID_NAME=orcl)

)

)

1.2.7.字符集编码问题修改

ORACLE字符集编码修改

可以通过以下固定用法实现：

sql>conn/assysdba;

sql>shutdownimmediate;

databaseclosed.

databasedismounted.

oracleinstanceshutdown.

sql>startupmount;

oracleinstancestarted.

totalsystemglobalarea135337420bytes

fixedsize452044bytes

variablesize109051904bytes

databasebuffers25165824bytes

redobuffers667648bytes

databasemounted.

sql>altersystemenablerestrictedsession;

systemaltered.

sql>altersystemsetjob_queue_processes=0;

systemaltered.

sql>altersystemsetaq_tm_processes=0;

systemaltered.

sql>alterdatabaseopen;

databasealtered.

sql>alterdatabasecharactersetinternal_useAL32UTF8;

sql>shutdownimmediate;

sql>startup;

备注：具体的编码格式根据实际需要修改即可，推荐UTF-8（默认是GBK）。